Baker, Newton Diehl, 1871-1937
Name Entries
person
Baker, Newton Diehl, 1871-1937
Computed Name Heading
Name Components
Surname :
Baker
Forename :
Newton Diehl
Date :
1871-1937
eng
Latn
authorizedForm
rda
Genders
Male
Exist Dates
Biographical History
Newton Diehl Baker Jr. (December 3, 1871 – December 25, 1937) was an American lawyer, Georgist, politician, and government official. He served as the 37th mayor of Cleveland, Ohio from 1912 to 1915. As U.S. Secretary of War from 1916 to 1921, Baker presided over the United States Army during World War I.
Born in Martinsburg, West Virginia, Baker established a legal practice in Cleveland after graduating from Washington and Lee University School of Law. He became progressive Democratic ally of Mayor Tom L. Johnson. Baker served as city solicitor of Cleveland from 1901 to 1909 before taking office as mayor in 1912. As mayor, he sought public transit reform, hospital improvement, and city beautification. Baker supported Woodrow Wilson at the 1912 Democratic National Convention, helping Wilson win the votes of the Ohio delegation. After leaving office, Baker accepted appointment as Secretary of War under President Wilson. He was one of several prominent Georgists appointed to positions in the Wilson Cabinet.
Baker presided over the U.S. military's participation in World War I. He selected General John J. Pershing to command the American Expeditionary Forces, which he insisted act as an independent unit. He left office in 1921 and returned to BakerHostetler, the legal practice he co-founded. He served as an attorney in Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co., a landmark case that established the constitutionality of zoning laws. He was a strong supporter of the League of Nations and continued to advocate American participation in the League during the 1920s. Beginning in 1928, he served as a member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration. He was a candidate for the presidential nomination at the 1932 Democratic National Convention, but the convention chose Franklin D. Roosevelt.
eng
Latn
External Related CPF
https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n86114582
https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10572009
https://viaf.org/viaf/39369767
https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q926206
https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n86114582
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Internal CPF Relations
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Languages Used
eng
Latn
Subjects
United States
Justice, Administration of
Education
Baker family
Baker family (Newton D. Baker)
Banks and banking
Banks and banking
Bridges
Bridges
Cabinet officers
Cabinet officers
Cleveland (Ohio)
Conscientious objection
Conscientious objection
Consumers' leagues
Cramer, C. H. (Clarence Henley), 1905- Newton D. Baker, a Biography
Dogs
Emigration and immigration
Human services
International organization
International relations
League of Nations
Military education
Politicians
Politicians
Practice of law
Practice of law
Presidents
Presidents
Railroads
Reconstruction (1914-1939)
Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945
Saint Mihiel, Battle of, Saint Mihiel, France, 1918
Statesmen
Statesmen
Trust companies
Trust companies
World War, 1914-1918
World War, 1914-1918
World War, 1914-1918
World War, 1914-1918
World War, 1914-1918
World War, 1914-1918
World War, 1914-1918
World War, 1914-1918
World War, 1914-1918
Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924
Nationalities
Americans
Activities
Occupations
Authors
Cabinet officers
Lawyers
Mayors
Politicians
Public officials
Secretary of War
Legal Statuses
Places
Ohio--Cleveland
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AssociatedPlace
Ohio--Cleveland
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United States
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United States
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AssociatedPlace
Cleveland (Ohio)
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Martinsburg
WV, US
AssociatedPlace
Birth
Cleveland (Ohio)
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United States
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AssociatedPlace
United States
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AssociatedPlace
United States
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AssociatedPlace
Cleveland (Ohio)
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AssociatedPlace
Ohio
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AssociatedPlace
United States
as recorded (not vetted)
AssociatedPlace
United States
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AssociatedPlace
United States
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AssociatedPlace
Ohio--Cleveland
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AssociatedPlace
Cleveland (Ohio)
as recorded (not vetted)
AssociatedPlace
Cleveland (Ohio)
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AssociatedPlace
Cleveland (Ohio)
as recorded (not vetted)
AssociatedPlace
Pennsylvania--Pittsburgh
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Poland
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United States
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AssociatedPlace
Cleveland (Ohio)
as recorded (not vetted)
AssociatedPlace
Shaker Heights (Ohio)
OH, US
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Death
United States
as recorded (not vetted)
AssociatedPlace
Ohio
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AssociatedPlace
Ohio--Cleveland
as recorded (not vetted)
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Mexico
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United States
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Convention Declarations
<conventionDeclaration><citation>VIAF</citation></conventionDeclaration>