Martin, Joseph W. (Joseph William), 1884-1968

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person

Name Entries *

Martin, Joseph W. (Joseph William), 1884-1968

Computed Name Heading

Name Components

Surname :

Martin

Forename :

Joseph W.

NameExpansion :

Joseph William

Date :

1884-1968

eng

Latn

authorizedForm

rda

Martin, Joe, 1884-1968

Computed Name Heading

Name Components

Surname :

Martin

Forename :

Joe

Date :

1884-1968

eng

Latn

alternativeForm

rda

Genders

Male

Exist Dates

Exist Dates - Date Range

1884-11-03

1884-11-03

Birth

1968-03-06

1968-03-06

Death

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Biographical History

Joseph William Martin Jr. (November 3, 1884 – March 6, 1968) was an American politician who served as the 44th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1947 to 1949 and 1953 to 1955; he represented the district covering North Attleborough, Massachusetts. He was the only Republican to serve as Speaker in a sixty-four year period from 1931 to 1995. He was a "compassionate conservative" who opposed the New Deal and supported the conservative coalition of Republicans and southern Democrats, especially on opposing labor unions.

Early in his career, Martin worked as a newspaper editor and served in both houses of the Massachusetts General Court. He won election to the United States House of Representatives in 1924. He was elected House Minority Leader after the 1938 elections and continued to hold the lead House Republican position (either Speaker or House Minority Leader) until 1959. He also served as Chairman of the Republican National Committee from 1940 to 1942 at the behest of Wendell Willkie, the 1940 Republican presidential nominee. Martin presided over five Republican National Conventions and frequently became involved in presidential politics. He urged General Douglas MacArthur to seek the 1952 Republican presidential nomination, and supporters of Robert A. Taft accused Martin of favoring Dwight D. Eisenhower in Martin's role as chairman of the contentious 1952 Republican National Convention. After Eisenhower won the 1952 election, Martin supported Eisenhower's internationalist foreign policy outlook.

Martin lost his position as Republican leader after the party lost seats in the 1958 elections. He was succeeded by his more conservative deputy, Charles A. Halleck. Martin continued to serve in Congress until his defeat in the 1966 Republican primary by Margaret Heckler. Martin died in Hollywood, Florida in 1968.

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External Related CPF

https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n86012082

https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10568362

https://viaf.org/viaf/15824603

https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n86012082

https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1387262

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Languages Used

eng

Latn

Subjects

Nationalities

Americans

Activities

Occupations

Newspaper editors

Newspaper publishers

Newspaper Reporter

Representatives, U.S. Congress

Speakers of the House, U.S. Congress

State Representative

Legal Statuses

Places

Hollywood

FL, US

AssociatedPlace

Death

North Attleborough

MA, US

AssociatedPlace

Birth

Convention Declarations

<conventionDeclaration><citation>VIAF</citation></conventionDeclaration>

General Contexts

Structure or Genealogies

Mandates

Identity Constellation Identifier(s)

w6mq5shs

84254747