R. Hoe & Company

R. Hoe & Co. was the largest manufacturer of printing presses and press equipment in the United States during the 19th century. Its archives were dispersed in the 1970s, and later still, the letter books from which this collection derives were disassembled. California and Virginia letters (and perhaps some others) were sold separately, and are not included here.

R. Hoe and Company of New York City was the foremost manufacturer of printing presses and printing equipment in North America throughout the 19th century. From the appearance of the wrought iron Washington press early in the century through the development of the cylinder press, followed by the rotary press and the web-fed press, R. Hoe & Company were pacesetters in the field of printing equipment. Their inventions, designs, and innovative manufacturing helped revolutionize the printing trade, notably as it applied to the printing of newspapers.

R. Hoe & Company, New York, N.Y., manufacturers of printing presses and saws.

R. Hoe & Company was one of America's foremost manufacturer of printing presses during the 19th century; including the cylinder press, rotary press, and the web-fed press. Their inventions and designs revolutionizednewspaper printing.

Born in England in 1784, Robert Hoe studied carpentry before immigrating to the United States in 1803. Upon arrival, Hoe met Matthew Smith and together they formed Smith, Hoe & Company in 1805 in New York City, specializing in the manufacture of wooden hand presses. Due to the nature of the materials used, Smith and Hoe decided to incorporate saw-making into their business. Following the death of Smith, Hoe took over the company and changed its name to R. Hoe & Company in 1822. He continued to manufacture printing presses and along with his sons made numerous improvements upon existing machinery. In 1827, Hoe bought and improved Samuel Rust’s patent for a wrought iron framed press and began manufacturing it as the “Washington” press. After his death in 1833, his sons Richard and Robert overtook daily operation of the company and are credited with introducing various improvements and obtaining patents for these innovations. Consequently, R. Hoe & Company firmly established its products as superior to those of European design. Notable advances made by R. Hoe & Company included a mechanical sheet delivery system for fast cylinder presses, the rotary printing press, and the first type revolving presses. The work of R. Hoe & Company helped facilitate the rapid and cheap production of newspapers.

In 1886, after the deaths of his father and his uncle, Robert Hoe III assumed control of the company. In the years following, he became better known for book collecting than for manufacturing. After his death in 1909, his son, Robert Hoe IV gained control but resigned by 1924. In that year the company was incorporated and a board of directors was announced. Robert Kelly was named president and the Hoe family no longer ran the company. During World War II, the company began to manufacture parts for weapons. After the war, however, the price of Hoe stock dropped and by 1969 the company was forced to claim bankruptcy. Throughout the 1970s, the Hoe factory was dismantled while the board focused on revitalizing the saw-making aspect of the company. In 1984, Pacific Saw and Knife Company purchased R. Hoe & Company and formed Pacific/Hoe Saw and Knife Company. It is still in operation today.

Comparato, Frank E. Chronicles of Genius and Folly : R. Hoe & Company and the Printing Press as a Service to Democracy. Culver City, Ca. : Labyrinthos, c1979. Additional information derived from the collection.