Geological Survey of Texas.

The third survey geological survey of Texas of the nineteenth century, the Geological and Mineralogical Survey, was established in 1888 by the Twentieth Legislature.

Under the direction of Edwin T. Dumble the third survey produced the scientific work that laid the foundation of Texas geological research. The annual reports of the survey contained studies of the regional geology of the state as well as special papers on mineral resources, including lignite, which was one of the most important commodities of the time. Despite its accomplishments, the survey was a subject of conflict in the Twenty-third Legislature and was denied funding by Governor James S. Hogg in 1893. During the disputes over the survey, the legislature transferred the library, records, and collections of the survey to the University of Texas. In 1901, when it established the University of Texas Mineral Survey, the Twenty-seventh Legislature began to shift responsibility for the survey to the university. The transfer became complete in 1909, when the UT regents founded the Bureau of Economic Geology.