Tudor, Antony, 1909-1987

Antony Tudor, British dancer, choreographer, and teacher, was born William Cook in London, April 4, 1909. His training began in 1928 with Marie Rambert and continued with Pearl Argyle, Harold Turner, and Margaret Craske. His career included: dancer and choreographer for Ballet Club (later Ballet Rambert) from 1930-1937; founder and choreographer of London Ballet, 1937-1940; resident choreographer of Ballet Theatre (later American Ballet Theatre), New York, 1939-1950; artistic director, Royal Swedish Ballet, 1952-1964; associate director, American Ballet Theatre, from 1974; and, as teacher for Metropolitan Opera Ballet School and Juilliard School. His works include Jardin aux Lilas (Ballet Rambert, 1936), Dark Elegies (Ballet Rambert, 1937), The Judgement of Paris (Westminster Theatre, London, 1938), Gala Performance (London Ballet, 1938), Pillar of Fire (Ballet Theatre, 1942) Dim Lustre (Ballet Theatre, 1943), Undertow (Ballet Theatre, 1945), Lady of the Camellias (New York City Ballet, 1951), Offenbach in the Underworld (Philadelphia Ballet Company, 1954), Hail and Farewell (Metropolitan Opera Ballet, 1959), Echoing of Trumpets (Royal Swedish Ballet, 1963), Shadowplay (Royal Ballet, London, 1967), and The Leaves are Fading (American Ballet Theatre, 1975). Tudor is the recipient of the Carina Ari Gold Medal, 1973, Dance Magazine Award, 1974, Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Award, Royal Academy of Dancing, 1985, Handel Medaillion of the City of New York, 1986, Capezio Dance Award, 1987, Kennedy Center Honors List, and honorary doctorate, Oxford University. He died in New York, April 19, 1987.

Hugh Laing was born on June 6, 1911 in Barbados, British West Indies as Hugh Morris Alleyne Skinner. Laing moved to London in 1931, and enrolled in Marie Rambert's Ballet Club (later Ballet Rambert) in 1933. In 1938, Laing became a member of a short-lived troupe in the London Ballet, where he danced in his fellow dancer and choreographer Antony Tudor's Gala Performance and Judgment of Paris. The following year, upon the suggestion of fellow performer and director Agnes DeMille, Laing accompanied Tudor to New York City to dance for the first season of the Ballet Theater (later named The American Ballet Theatre), where they grew to be revered as two of the company's finest artists. Together with his wife Diana Adams, dance partner Nora Kaye, and Tudor, Laing left the Ballet Theater for a position at the New York City Ballet in 1951. He starred in the 1954 MGM film adaptation of Brigadoon and spent many years filling the leading roles in Tudor's ballets, including Pillar of Fire, Romeo and Juliet, and Jardin aux Lilas. He spent most of his later years as a professional photographer and set/costume designer for several of Tudor's final productions.

Antony Tudor was born as William Cook in London on April 4, 1909. He began formal training with Marie Rambert, the owner and head choreographer of the Ballet Club (now known as The Rambert Dance Company) in 1928, later meeting Hugh Laing in 1933. Upon moving to New York City in 1939 to dance in and help publicize the newly formed Ballet Theater, Tudor grew to be regarded as both a first-class choreographer and performer. After several years at the American Ballet Theatre, Tudor, along with dancers Nora Keyes, Laing, and Laing's wife Diana Adams, began performing for the New York City Ballet. Tudor was founder and choreographer of the London Ballet, 1937-1940, Artistic Director of the Royal Swedish Ballet, 1952-1964, and Associate Director of the American Ballet Theatre. He was a principal force in the Jacob's Pillow Dance Festivals from the 1940s to 1953, where he eventually worked with the then-recently founded National Ballet of Canada. He served as teacher for the Metropolitan Opera Ballet School and Juilliard School, and performed and directed several paramount ballets at the Ballet Theatre in New York from 1939-1950. Among his productions (many of which Laing played the leading role), several stand out as representative of his talent: Jardin aux Lilas (Ballet Rambert, 1936), Gala Performance (London Ballet, 1938), Pillar of Fire (Ballet Theatre, 1942) Dim Lustre (Ballet Theatre, 1943), and The Leaves are Fading (American Ballet Theatre, 1975).

Nora Kaye was born Nora Koreff in Brooklyn, NY in 1920. She was trained at the Metropolitan Opera Ballet and, at age 9, was a regular performer in their children's productions. After several years in the Radio City Music Hall corps de ballet, she joined the Ballet Theatre in 1939. The leading role in Antony Tudor's 1946 production of Pillar of Fire gained her the respect she deserved as a true prima ballerina. This role, along with others in Tudor's Gala Performance, Romeo and Juliet, and Jardin Aux Lilas, as well as in DeMille's Fall River Legend, earned her the title "Duse of the Dance." After a short marriage to Isaac Stern, Kaye wed Herbert Ross, film director and former choreographer for the American Ballet Theatre, and assisted in writing and producing many of his later films and Broadway musicals.