Sir David Brewster

David Brewster (1781-1868)was born in Jedburgh on 11 December 1781, son of the rector of Jedburgh Grammar School. He gave up a church career to pursue his interest in science, becoming known as a natural philosopher even though he failed to obtain a teaching post in a university. He wrote prolifically on many subjects, editing the Edinburgh Magazine and then the Edinburgh Encyclopaedia, also contributing articles on many subjects to the Encyclopaedia Britannica, and publishing papers on optics, photography, scientific instruments and the history of science. He invented the kaleidoscope and stereoscope, refined other instruments, and became both a fellow and founder of scientific societies including the British Association for the Advancement of Science. Brewster was knighted in 1831 and ended his career as a university administrator promoting the teaching of science; he was appointed Principal of the United College of St. Salvator and St. Leonard at St. Andrews University in 1838, a post he held until he became Principal of Edinburgh University in 1859.