Quaker Emergency Service.

The Quaker Emergency Service was founded in January, 1942, by members of the combined Peace and Service Committees of the two New York Monthly Meetings. Josiah P. Marvel was named Chairman. Quaker Emergency Service was originally an alternative for conscientious objectors, authorized by New York Office of Civilian Defense. The goal of the group was not to start new projects but to provide manpower and funding for already approved existing projects. Additionally, they provided training for people going into the Civilian Public Service Camps and they worked to organize neighborhoods to deal with the war. After the war, the group formed the Civilian Readjustment Committee and began to work with psychiatric institutions to rehabilitate those suffering after-effects of the war. They focused particularly on male homosexuals and criminals.