Norstad, Lauris, 1907-1988

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General Lauris Norstad (1907-1988) was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and grew up in Red Wing, Minnesota where he attended high school. After developing an interest in military service, Norstad secured an appointment to the United States Military Academy where he graduated in 1930 with a commission as a second lieutenant of cavalry. In 1931 Norstad transferred to the Air Corps, thus beginning his long career as an air force officer. During the 1930s Norstad served as Commander of the 18th Pursuit Group at Schofield Barracks, Hawaii; as Adjutant, 9th Bombardment Group, and as Officer-in-Charge, 9thBombardment Group Navigation School, at Mitchel Field, New York. When the United States entered World War II in December, 1941, Norstad was Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Air Force Command Headquarters at Langley Field, Virginia, and Bolling Field near Washington, D. C. Army Air Forces Commander Henry "Hap" Arnold, impressed with Norstad''s ability, named him to his advisory council in February 1942 to conduct long-range planning. In August Norstad became Assistant Chief of Staff For Operations of the Twelfth Air Force and was sent to North Africa to plan aerial strategy for Operation TORCH. At this time Norstad served under General Eisenhower, who later characterized Norstad as "sound, able, sensible, loyal, and tireless." During the summer of 1943 Norstad helped plan air operations to accompany Allied assaults in Sicily and Italy. Norstad''s military career was marked by a rapid rise through the ranks. At age thirty-six he became in 1943 one of the youngest brigadier generals in the Army Air Force. Nine years later he became the youngest American officer to achieve four-star rank. In December, 1943 Norstad was appointed Director of Operations of the Mediterranean Allied Air Forces. He helped plan bombing missions aimed at destroying Axis oil installations and interdicting highways in the Balkans and in Italy. He participated in several major operations including ANVIL, DIADEM, SHINGLE, and FRANTIC, an attempt to obtain the Soviet Union''s cooperation in shuttle bombing operations. Norstad, with an eye on the political aspects of military operations, advocated a strategy aimed at blocking the Russians from Germany by an Allied push through Yugoslavia''s Ljubljana Gap into Austria and Hungary, and then through eastern Germany and western Poland. In August 1944, Norstad was transferred to Washington, D.C., where he became Chief of Staff of the Twentieth Air Force. There, he assisted in planning B-29 bombing missions against Japan and worked as one of a group of air force officers who participated in planning the atomic bombing of Japan. After the war, Norstad, because of his exposure to atomic warfare, served on the Spaatz Board which studied the effects of the atomic bomb on employment, size, organization, and composition of the post-war United States Air Force. In 1946 he was appointed Director of the Plans and Operations Division, War Department General Staff, and charged with planning the size and utilization of the Air Force. He was partly responsible for securing equal status for the Air Force with the Army and Navy in the new national military establishment. From October 1947 through October 1950, Norstad, as Acting Vice Chief of Staff for Operations of the Air Force, was charged with the responsibility for implementing aerial defense and attack plans in case of emergency. Norstad''s assignment in October 1950 as Commander in Chief, United States Air Force in Europe, began more than twelve years of European service. His close association with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization''s military forces started almost immediately; in April, 1951 he became Commander of Allied Air Forces in Central Europe. On July 27, 1953 he was named Air Deputy, SACEUR, and in November 1956 he assumed command of NATO forces. Norstad took over the NATO command with a reputation as an outstanding planner. He brought to the post an adept political mind and sharp diplomatic skills which he put to immediate use by encouraging European political leaders to engage in diplomatic talks with SHAPE. His political adroitness paid off, for he earned the respect of such strong personalities as Konrad Adenauer and Charles De Gaulle. Norstad''s years at Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) were eventful ones. No sooner had he taken command than he felt compelled to resist a British proposal to withdraw about one-third of the United Kingdom''s army from continental Europe. Norstad expressed his opposition to this move in public speeches and in private negotiations. Eventually a compromise was reached whereby the size of the troop withdrawal was reduced and portions of it were delayed. The development of nuclear strategy occupied much of Norstad''s time at SHAPE. He became a staunch advocate of NATO becoming a fourth nuclear power through the creation of a multinational atomic authority. He attempted to establish machinery for authorizing NATO''s use tactical atomic weapons while still retaining United States control over them. Resistance within NATO, combined with a lack of support from the Kennedy Administration which sharply changed policy on nuclear strategy, resulted in the demise of the "Norstad Plan". Norstad experienced opposition from the French Government on such issues as locating missile sites in France, expending nuclear weapons, integrating fighter air forces, and withdrawing French ships from the Organization''s Mediterranean fleet. Norstad also dealt with a wide range of questions involving command relationships and organizations, disarmament proposals, German rearmament, missile deployments and personnel, as well as crises over Berlin between1958 and 1961. The Cuban Missile Crisis of October 1962 delayed his departure from SHAPE for two months. Norstad also carried during these years the responsibilities of the Commander-in-Chief, United States European Command. While engaging in private negotiations and planning for these myriad matters, Norstad continually promoted NATO''s mission publicly. He was NATO''s strategy as essentially one of deterrence employing three basic ingredients: 1. Sufficient forces to insure that no attack against NATO could succeed. 2. The will and determination to use these forces should the need arise. 3. A potential aggressor''s certain knowledge of the existence of the forces and the determination to use them. Norstad appears to have been an articulate and forceful spokesman for NATO and for an active role for SACEUR in formulating policies. This advocacy role probably helped earn him respect from European leaders as well as his colleagues at SHAPE. His strong convictions, however, may have exacerbated his differences with the Kennedy Administration, thereby hastening his replacement as SACEUR. After leaving SHAPE and retiring from military service, General Norstad became President and later Chairman of Owens-Corning Fiberglass Corporation. In 1969 President Richard Nixon called Norstad back to public service, asking him to serve on the President''s Commission on an All-Volunteer Armed Force, a duty Norstad performed until 1972 when the Commission completed its work and published its recommendations. President Nixon also called on Norstad to serve on the General Advisory Committee on Arms Control and Disarmament from 1969 to 1974.

From the description of Norstad, Lauris, 1907-1988 (U.S. National Archives and Records Administration). naId: 10679504

Archival Resources
Role Title Holding Repository
referencedIn Fox Movietone News Collection. 1957 - 1963. Motion Picture Newsreel Films. 1957 - 1963. Movietone News, Vol. 42, No. 50 National Archives at College Park
referencedIn MacDonald, David L. Oral history reminiscences. Naval War College, Henry E. Eccles Library
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. NATO MEETING AT CAMP VOLUCEAU, EUROPE National Archives at College Park
creatorOf Lauris Norstad Papers. 1930 - 1987. Organization and Association Files Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
referencedIn New York Times Company records. Arthur Hays Sulzberger papers, 1823-1999 New York Public Library. Manuscripts and Archives Division
referencedIn Nathan F. Twining Papers, 1924-1960, (bulk 1950-1960) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
creatorOf Lauris Norstad Papers. 1930 - 1987. Trip Files Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
referencedIn Paramount Pictures, Inc., Collection. 1951 - 1951. Motion Picture Newsreel Films. 10/1941 - 3/1957. PARAMOUNT NEWS [DEC. 7] National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of U.S. Air Force Commands, Activities, and Organizations. 1900 - 2003. Moving Images Relating to Military Aviation Activities. 1947 - 1984. AIR FORCE ASSOCIATION BALL, NEW YORK CITY, NEW YORK National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. President John F. Kennedy visits SHAPE Headquarters, near Paris, France National Archives at College Park
creatorOf Lauris Norstad Papers. 1930 - 1987. Message and Correspondence Files Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
creatorOf Stellanova Osborn papers, 1907-1988 Bentley Historical Library
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. GEN. MATTHEW B. RIDGWAY'S FAREWELL TO ALFCE (ALLIED LAND FORCES CENTRAL EUROPE), COURTYARD OF QUARTIER CHATEAU IN FONTAINBLEAU, FRANCE; GEN RIDGWAY, SOMEWHERE IN ENGLAND National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of U.S. Air Force Commands, Activities, and Organizations. 1900 - 2003. Moving Images Relating to Military Aviation Activities. 1947 - 1984. THIS IS USAFE (OUTTAKES OF SFP-1055) National Archives at College Park
referencedIn General Records of the Department of the Navy. 1941 - 2004. Moving Images Relating to Military Activities. 1947 - 1980. JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF IN CONFERENCElt;*gt; Little White House Key West, Fla National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Fox Movietone News Collection. 1957 - 1963. Motion Picture Newsreel Films. 1957 - 1963. MOVIETONE NEWS, vol. 41, no. 57 National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. Pres. Dwight D. Eisenhower visits SHAPE HQ, near Paris, France National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. Representative John R. Foley interviews Gen. Lauris Norstad SHAPE Headquarters, near Paris, France National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Fox Movietone News Collection. 1957 - 1963. Motion Picture Newsreel Films. 1957 - 1963. MOVIETONE NEWS National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. MARSHAL SIR BASIL EMBRY, BRUSSELS, BELGIUM; ANOTHER FIGHTER WING, BADEN-SOELLINGEN, GERMANY National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. USAREUR screen digest #8: President Eisenhower visits SHAPE, Paris, France ; Speyer bells, Speyer Germany ; Exercise quot;Heaven sentquot;, Germany ; Supersonic lady, Bitburg AFB, Germany ; Model plane meet, Karlsruhe, Germany National Archives at College Park
creatorOf Lauris Norstad Papers. 1930 - 1987. Policy Files Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
referencedIn Minnesota Statehood Centennial Commission. International and distinguished guests files, 1956-1958. Minnesota Historical Society, Division of Archives and Manuscripts
creatorOf Lauris Norstad Papers. 1930 - 1987. Mediterranean Files Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
creatorOf Sound Recordings of Meetings and Telephone Conversations (Nixon Administration). 2/16/1971 - 7/18/1973. Sound Recordings of Meetings and Telephone Conversations. 2/16/1971 - 7/18/1973. Cabinet Room tape number 96 Richard Nixon Library
referencedIn Records of U.S. Air Force Commands, Activities, and Organizations. 1900 - 2003. Moving Images Relating to Military Aviation Activities. 1947 - 1984. PRESIDENT EISENHOWER'S VISIT TO FRANCE, SPAIN, AND MOROCCO, 21 - 22 DECEMBER 1959 National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Alfred M. Gruenther Papers. 1941 - 1978. Photographs Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. GEN. DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER AT BRUSSELS, BELGIUM National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Audio-visual materials., 1958. Minnesota Historical Society
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. 10th SHAPE anniversary ceremony, Paris, France National Archives at College Park
creatorOf Lauris Norstad Papers. 1930 - 1987. Official Subject Files Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
referencedIn Records of U.S. Air Force Commands, Activities, and Organizations. 1900 - 2003. Moving Images Relating to Military Aviation Activities. 1947 - 1984. DOCUMENTARY FO0TAGE ON THE FORMATION OF THE ALLIED AIR FORCES CENTRAL EUROPE National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. Dr. Konrad Adenauer of Germany visits SHAPE, Near Paris, France National Archives at College Park
Lauris Norstad Papers Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
creatorOf Lauris Norstad Papers. 1930 - 1987. Personal Subject Files Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. 10th SHAPE anniversary ceremony, Paris, France National Archives at College Park
referencedIn International and distinguished guests files., 1956-1958. Minnesota Historical Society
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. 10th SHAPE anniversary ceremony, Paris, France National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of U.S. Air Force Commands, Activities, and Organizations. 1900 - 2003. Moving Images Relating to Military Aviation Activities. 1947 - 1984. PRESIDENT EISENHOWER VISITS SHAPE HEADQUARTERS National Archives at College Park
creatorOf Norstad, Lauris, 1907-1988. Address / by Lauris Norstad at the 127th Commencement, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts, 4:30 P.M., June 7, 1964. Mount Holyoke College, Williston & Miles-Smith Library
referencedIn Records of U.S. Air Force Commands, Activities, and Organizations. 1900 - 2003. Moving Images Relating to Military Aviation Activities. 1947 - 1984. USEUCOM CHANGE OF COMMAND, SAINT-GERMAIN-EN-LAYE, FRANCE National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. Dr. Konrad Adenauer of Germany visits SHAPE, Near Paris, France National Archives at College Park
creatorOf Lauris Norstad Papers. 1930 - 1987. Country Files Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
creatorOf Lauris Norstad Papers. 1930 - 1987. Speech Files Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
creatorOf Lauris Norstad Papers. 1930 - 1987. Early Military and Retirement Files Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. 10th NATO anniversary ceremonies, Mainz, Germany National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Leach, Walter Barton. W. Barton Leach Papers. 1920-1971. Harvard Law School Library Langdell Hall Cambridge, MA 02138
referencedIn John Foster Dulles oral history collection, 1964-1967 Princeton University. Library. Dept. of Rare Books and Special Collections.Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library. Public Policy Papers.
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. Prime Minister of Great Britain visits SHAPE Headquarters, Near Paris, France National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Dwight D. Eisenhower Library Oral History Collection. 1962 - 1998. Oral History Transcripts. 1962 - 1998. Oral History Interview with Lauris Norstad Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. USAREUR screen digest. No. 8: President Eisenhower visits SHAPE, Paris, France ; Speyer bells, Speyer Germany ; Exercise quot;Heaven sentquot;, Germany ; Supersonic lady, Bitburg AFB, Germany ; Model plane meet, Karlsruhe, Germany National Archives at College Park
creatorOf Lauris Norstad Papers. 1930 - 1987. Pentagon Files Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
creatorOf Lauris Norstad Papers. 1930 - 1987. General Alfred Gruenther Trips Files Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
referencedIn Hearst Metrotone News, Inc., Collection. 1937 - 1942. News of the Day Motion Picture Newsreel Films. 10/1963 - 12/1967. NEWS OF THE DAY National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Dwight D. Eisenhower Library Oral History Collection. 1962 - 1998. Oral History Transcripts. 1962 - 1998. Oral History Interviews with Lauris Norstad Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. 3RD ANNIVERSARY OF SHAPE FORMATION, ROCQUENCOURT, FRANCE National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. Pres. Dwight D. Eisenhower visits SHAPE, near Paris, France National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Fox Movietone News Collection. 1957 - 1963. Motion Picture Newsreel Films. 1957 - 1963. Movietone News, Vol. 40, No. 17 National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Robert Abercrombie Lovett papers, 1919-1986 Yale University. Department of Manuscripts and Archives
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. CEREMONY CONFERRING HONORARY DEGREES ON GEN. MATTHEW D. RIDGWAY, GEN THOMAS T. HANDY, GEN. LAURIS NORSTAD BY THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND AT SHAPE, ROCQUENCORT, FRANCE National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of U.S. Air Force Commands, Activities, and Organizations. 1900 - 2003. Moving Images Relating to Military Aviation Activities. 1947 - 1984. LIEUTENANT GEN. RAMEY RECEIVING DISTINGUISHED SERVICE MEDAL FROM GEN. TWINING National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Fox Movietone News Collection. 1957 - 1963. Motion Picture Newsreel Films. 1957 - 1963. MOVIETONE NEWS National Archives at College Park
referencedIn "March of Time" Collection. 1934 - 1951. March of Time Documentary/Newsreel Films Relating to U.S. History, Government, Politics, Culture, and International Affairs. 1935 - 1953. AMERICA'S NEW AIR POWER National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. SIGNING OF CONTRACTS FOR DEPENDENT HOUSING OF THE U.S. AIR FORCE AT CHATEAUROUX HELD AT AIR FORCE HEADQUARTERS IN PARIS, FRANCE National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Minnesota Statehood Centennial Commission. Audio-visual materials, 1958. Minnesota Historical Society, Division of Archives and Manuscripts
referencedIn Fox Movietone News Collection. 1957 - 1963. Motion Picture Newsreel Films. 1957 - 1963. Movietone News, Vol. 40, No. 104 National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. 10th SHAPE anniversary ceremony, Paris, France National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Lovett, Robert A. (Robert Abercrombie), 1895-. Robert Abercrombie Lovett papers, 1919-1986 (inclusive). Yale University Library
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. University of Maryland graduation, Heidelberg, Germany National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Hearst Metrotone News, Inc., Collection. 1937 - 1942. News of the Day Motion Picture Newsreel Films. 10/1963 - 12/1967. News of the Day (Apr. 13) National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Stellanova Osborn papers, 1907-1988 Bentley Historical Library
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. President John F. Kennedy visit SHAPE Headquarters, near Paris, France National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. Prime Minister of Great Britian visits SHAPE Headquarters, Near Paris, France National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Hanson Weightman Baldwin papers, 1900-1988 Yale University. Department of Manuscripts and Archives
creatorOf Lauris Norstad Papers. 1930 - 1987. Personal Name Files Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
referencedIn Records of U.S. Air Force Commands, Activities, and Organizations. 1900 - 2003. Moving Images Relating to Military Aviation Activities. 1947 - 1984. FIRST TRANS-ATLANTIC HELICOPTER FLIGHT (H-19) National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Dwight D. Eisenhower Library Oral History Collection. 1962 - 1998. Oral History Transcripts. 1962 - 1998. Oral History Interviews with W. Randolph Burgess Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. 10th NATO anniversary ceremonies, Mainz, Germany National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. 10th SHAPE anniversary ceremony, Paris, France National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. 10th SHAPE anniversary ceremony, Paris, France National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of U.S. Air Force Commands, Activities, and Organizations. 1900 - 2003. Moving Images Relating to Military Aviation Activities. 1947 - 1984. MEETING OF NATO AIR CHIEFS National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Christian Archibald Herter papers, 1929-1967 (inclusive), 1943-1966 (bulk). Houghton Library
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. Dr. Konrad Adenauer of Germany visits SHAPE, Near Paris, France National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. Arrivals of commanders-in-chief for conference SHAPE near Paris, France ; Turkish minister of defense visits SHAPE, Near Paris, France ; Italian minister of defense visit SHAPE, Near Paris, France National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of U.S. Air Force Commands, Activities, and Organizations. 1900 - 2003. Moving Images Relating to Military Aviation Activities. 1947 - 1984. AIR FORCE ACADEMY STORY, UNITED STATES, EUROPE AND UNITED KINGDOM, 1957 - 1959 National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. 1860 - 1985. Motion Picture Films from the Army Library Copy Collection. 1964 - 1980. North Atlantic Military Committee twenty-sixth session, Washinton, D. C. National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Paramount Pictures, Inc., Collection. 1951 - 1951. Motion Picture Newsreel Films. 10/1941 - 3/1957. PARAMOUNT NEWS [MAY 4] National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Fox Movietone News Collection. 1957 - 1963. Motion Picture Newsreel Films. 1957 - 1963. Movietone News, Vol. 42, No. 43 National Archives at College Park
Role Title Holding Repository
Relation Name
associatedWith Baldwin, Hanson Weightman, 1903-1991. person
associatedWith Herter, Christian Archibald, 1895-1966 person
associatedWith Leach, W. Barton (Walter Barton), 1900- person
associatedWith Lovett, Robert A. (Robert Abercrombie), 1895- person
associatedWith MacDonald, David L. person
associatedWith Minnesota Statehood Centennial Commission. corporateBody
associatedWith Mount Holyoke College corporateBody
associatedWith New York Times Company corporateBody
associatedWith Osborn, Stellanova, 1894-1988. person
associatedWith Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library. corporateBody
associatedWith Twining, Nathan F. (Nathan Farragut), 1897-1982. person
Place Name Admin Code Country
Subject
International cooperation
Occupation
Activity

Person

Birth 1907-03-24

Death 1988-09-01

Americans

English

Information

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