Sir Anthony Panizzi, trained in law, went from Italy to England as a political refugee. He served as Keeper of Printed Books at the British Museum (now the British Library) and as Principal Librarian from 1856 until his retirement in 1866. He systematized the cataloging of books, developed collections (including that in Italian literature), and played a role in designing the British Museum building that opened in Bloomsbury in 1857. Nicholas Carlisle was an antiquary and topographer. In 1812 he became an assistant librarian at the Royal Library and accompanied that collection to the British Museum, where he worked part-time as a cataloger.
Principal librarian of the British Museum.
Italian patriot; Keeper of Printed books at the British Museum 1837-56, Principal Librarian 1856-66.